Please analyze situations according to the proposed plan: 1. possible reasons that caused this situation (parents

игрушки before going to bed, but the child always resists and refuses to do so. There are several possible reasons that could have caused this situation. One reason may be the parents" incorrect actions or inconsistent approach to discipline. If the mother sometimes allows the child to leave the toys out and sometimes insists on cleaning up, the child may learn that they can get away with not doing it. Another reason could be the child imitating their peers" actions. If the child sees other children not cleaning up their toys, they may follow suit.

From a psychological perspective, there are several characteristics that could lead a child to act in this way. Firstly, the emergence of self-awareness plays a role. The child may want to assert their independence and control over their own belongings, including their toys. Additionally, the three-year-old crisis, a stage marked by increased defiance and asserting autonomy, can contribute to the child"s resistance. Furthermore, at this age, children are in a phase of constant questioning, trying to understand the rules and limits of the world around them. This questioning may extend to tasks like tidying up their toys.

The desire for independence is another psychological characteristic that can influence the child"s behavior. They may resist cleaning up their toys as a way to assert their independence and reject adult authority. In addition, as children grow, their needs evolve, and they may prioritize play and immediate gratification over cleaning up. Lastly, there may be a contradiction between what the child wants (to continue playing) and what they need (to clean up). This conflict can lead to resistance and defiance.

To resolve and exit the current situation, several options can be considered. Firstly, the parents can establish a consistent routine and clear expectations regarding cleaning up. By consistently enforcing the rule that toys must be put away before bed, the child will learn that this is a non-negotiable task. Additionally, the parents can explain the importance of cleaning up and the consequences of not doing so (e.g., not being able to find toys the next day, creating a messy environment).

Another option is to involve the child in the decision-making process. By giving them some autonomy and allowing them to be part of establishing rules and routines, they may feel more motivated to clean up their toys. For example, the parents can ask the child for suggestions on how to make cleaning up more fun or rewarding.

Using positive reinforcement, such as praising and rewarding the child when they do clean up, can also be effective. This can motivate the child to take action and associate cleaning up with positive experiences. Additionally, parents can set up a system of natural consequences. For example, if the child refuses to clean up, they may lose the privilege of playing with the toys the following day.

It is important for the parents to remain patient and understanding throughout the process. Consistency, clear communication, and empathy are crucial in helping the child develop responsible habits and understanding the importance of tidiness.